Monthly Archive for October, 2008

Sarah Palin Fact Check: Obama Will Endanger Special Needs Trusts

The McCain/Palin ticket is really reaching now.

In Pittsburgh on Friday, Oct. 24, Gov. Sarah Palin noted that parents of children with special needs often set up trusts to help ensure long-term assistance. “Many families with special needs children or dependent adults” are concerned that Sen. Barack Obama “plans to raise taxes on precisely these kinds of financial arrangements,” she said. “They fear that Senator Obama’s tax increase will have serious and harmful consequences, and they’re right.”

This according to this post by Roni Deutch’s excellent “Tax Lady Blog.”

It is true that special needs children and adults often create trusts in order to, as Governor Palin avers, help ensure long-term assistance.  Sometimes the disabled individual creates a trust with their own assets or someone else (like their parents) creates the trust for them using their assets.  These trusts are also often used to maintain eligability for government benefits and other services after the disabled beneficairy receives a windfall of some kind like winning a lawsuit or inheriting assets from a deceased relative.  They are further usefull as tools to improve the quality of life of disabled individuals who are dependent on government benefits as these benfits do not provide all that one needs from day to day.  Simple, everyday things like paper products are often not covered by Medicare and these trusts are used to fill that very wide (and ever-expanding) chasm.

Ms. Deutch writes:

The way most of these trusts are structured, the interest they gain is taxed as part of the parents’ income.

This is true, but there are important differences depending on whom created the trust.  If the disabled person set up the trust with their own assets then that trust will usually pay its own income taxes.  As Ms. Deutch points out, the trust is usually set up such that the taxes are actually due to the person who created the trust (called the “Grantor”) but where a Grantor has no other assets but those contained in the trust, the trust will be actually be the one writing the check.

Palin, in her remarks, suggests that Obama will increase taxes on these trusts in general, thereby reducing the funds in them. The McCain campaign did not respond to requests to explain or comment on the record.

Obama has pledged to increase taxes only on individuals with incomes over $200,000 and families with incomes over $250,000. He is not offering an exception for interest in special needs trusts — that income counts toward the total. So, if someone’s taxes go up under Obama, the interest in a trust fund is part of what will be taxed at a higher rate.

This is also correct but its not the interest in the trust would cause an increase in taxes due but the income.  This is an important disctinction.  The extra taxes though will also usually come from the trust’s own assets so there would likley be no extra burden on the family or the disabled individual.

But Obama does not have a plan to increase taxes on special needs trusts in general. And Jason Furman, economic adviser for the Obama campaign, noted that Obama has vowed to fix his plan if any individual making less than $200,000 or family making less than $250,000 is left paying higher taxes. So, if Obama’s tax plan, unintentionally, forced taxes up on a special needs trust for someone at a lower income, the tax plan would change, and the person’s taxes would not go up, Furman said.
[...]
Before Palin launched this attack Friday, the McCain campaign told the Wall Street Journal that it was coming. The newspaper, in an article published online Friday, quoted Andy Imparato, president of the nonpartisan American Association of People with Disabilities, saying he has not heard any complaints from constituents about Obama’s tax plan. It was not clear what Palin’s evidence was that “many families” were concerned about Obama’s plan. 

It is also worth pointing out that history shows definitivley that medicare and other government benefit programs are better funded by democrats.  Given that the assets of these trusts are used to cover needs that are not otherwise met by these various services, a Republican White House is much more likley to cause a precipitous spend down of the assets held in the country’s special needs trusts than President Obama’s tax plan would.

I can’t wait till this election is over.

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Increasing the Gift Tax Annual Exclusion

The IRS has announced their annual inflation adjustments for 2009 which includes an increase in the annual gift exclusion.  The annual gift tax exclusion for present interest gifts will be $13,000.

Thanks to Greg Herman-Giddens of the North Carolina Estate Planning Blog for the heads up.  Check out his post here for the applicable text from Rev.Proc. 2008-66.

Thanks Greg!

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Estate Taxes: Obama vs McCain

From today’s WSJ and the Tax Prof Blog comes this comparison of the estate tax schemes under the two leading Presidential candidates:

They agree on more than you might think:

Raising the Individual Exemption:

For 2008, the basic federal estate-tax exemption is $2 million per person, and the top estate-tax rate is 45%. Next year, the exemption is scheduled to jump to $3.5 million, the largest one-year increase in history. For heirs of wealthy individuals who die after Dec. 31, the tax savings could be enormous.

In 2010, the estate tax is supposed to disappear completely — but most tax advisers think Congress won’t allow that to happen. Starting in 2011, the tax is set to spring back to life with an exemption of only $1 million and a top tax rate on the largest estates of 55%.

Sen. McCain proposes raising the exemption “as soon as possible” to $5 million and cutting the top tax rate to only 15%, says Douglas Holtz-Eakin, senior policy adviser. Sen. Obama wants to keep the exemption at $3.5 million and the top rate at 45%.

Portability. Both candidates agree the exemption amount should be easily portable. “Families should not be required to undertake complex and unnecessary financial planning or be penalized for failing to take advantage of sophisticated financial strategies,” says Jason Furman, economic policy director for the Obama campaign. The Democrats’ nominee “believes we should eliminate the estate tax for 99.7% of families — and this is part of his plan to accomplish that goal,” says Mr. Furman.

Portability:

Both candidates agree on changing the law to make the federal estate-tax exemption “portable,” senior advisers say. This issue is known as portability because the exemption per person — $2 million this year and $3.5 million next year — would become transferable from one spouse to the other, in effect doubling the surviving spouse’s exemption. In essence, that means that spouses would be able to use each other’s estate-tax exemption without first having to set up complex and costly trusts and take other steps that many people now feel obliged to do.

Valuations:

This is a key issue when calculating capital-gains taxes on the sale of inherited assets. Here’s an example: Suppose your cousin dies and leaves you stock he originally purchased decades ago for $100,000 and the value of that stock has grown to $500,000 as of the date of his death. Your tax basis typically would be $500,000 — or, under certain circumstances, the value six months after the date of death. That means you don’t have to figure out what your cousin originally paid for that stock. This system is scheduled to continue through next year and undergo major changes in 2010. Critics say those changes would create additional complexity and impose unfair recordkeeping burdens on taxpayers. Advisers to both candidates have said the candidates want to retain the current system.

For obvious reasons I’ll be watching where this goes after the election.

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McCain Calls for Suspension of Minimum Distribution Rules

I would have thought this was a bigger deal than McCain would lead us to believe having buried its announcement a third of the way through his stump speech, but I am kind of a geek:

[On October 10,] John McCain called for suspension of the requirement that retirees must begin liquidating their retirement accounts when they reach age 70 and a half, the latest economic policy rolled out by the Republican presidential candidate.

I’m a little dissapointed in the WSJ for stating the proposal that way because it is kind of misleading.  But, to be fair, their just echoing the misleading satements coming from the McCain campaign.  As Paul Caron (of the TaxProf Blog) points out here:

…there is nothing in the Internal Revenue Code or any regulation or ruling that says that retirement plan distributions must be made in cash. If the owner of IRA or 401(k) wants to keep the investments instead of selling them, the investments themselves can be distributed in what is known as an “in kind” distribution. So, contrary to what McCain claims, the present rules do not require retirees to “sell off their IRAs and 401ks”.

In-kind distributions are rare as they’re not suited for everyone but in a market that is as down as this one is, I would not be surpsised to see this option on the rise.

These decisions though should be part of a wholistic estate plan.  If you have questions you should call someone who knows what they’re doing and who does not have a stake in your ultimate decision.

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FDIC Insurance & Trust Beneficiaries

The news regarding FDIC insurance limits and trust beneficiaries has been making the rounds this morning, both here and here…  But I thought it needed a little more context.

First, a little background:

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is an independent agency of the United States government that protects against the loss of insured deposits if an FDIC-insured bank or savings association fails. 1

The bailout legislation, passed October 3 of this year, has the following details with regards to FDIC coverage:

Basic FDIC Deposit Insurance Coverage Limits*

Single Accounts (owned by one person) $250,000 per owner**
   
Joint Accounts (two or more persons) $250,000 per co-owner**
   
IRAs and certain other retirement accounts $250,000 per owner
   
Trust Accounts $250,000 per owner per beneficiary subject to specific limitations and requirements**
   
Corporation, Partnership and Unincorporated Association Accounts $250,000 per corporation, partnership or unincorporated association
   
Employee Benefit Plan Accounts $250,000 for the non-contingent, ascertainable interest of each participant
   
Government Accounts $250,000 per official custodian

Now, the context:

Over the last few days I have been culling through the vague and (merely) advisory opinions of a few state bar associations researching the following problem:  If I am acting as a trustee (or other fidcuary) for a client’s trust (or gaurdianship or estate) account(s), what liability (either ethically or civilly) do I face if the bank where those funds are held collapses?  …  I’m working on a memo on this subject so this news caught my eye.  Oh by the way, when I get an answer to the above question, I’ll post it here.  Nonetheless, this is good and welcome news!

As I am attempting to develop a policy for the firm with regards to the amount of due diligence we fiduciaries should bring to bear on our cutodial depository institutions, there will in the near future, be more details to come.
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1 http://www.fdic.gov/news/news/financial/2008/fil08102a.html
** The legislation authorizing the increase in deposit insurance coverage limits makes the change effective October 3, 2008, through December 31, 2009.
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I know, I’ve been gone for a while now but lets not make a big deal about it. I feel bad about it too… I changed jobs, sold a house, moved, am trying to buy another house now while living in temporary shelter… Its been crazy.

Good to see you too ;)

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